1. Types
C++ is a statically typed language, which means that everything with a name(variabels, functions, etc) is given a type before tuntime. Static typing can help us to prevent errors before our code runs.
Overloading(重载): Define two functions with the same name but different types.
C++ fundamental types
1 | int val = 5; // 3 2bits |
C++ fundamental types++
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2. Intro to structs
struct
struct
is a group of named variables each with their own types. A way to bundle different types together.
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std::pair
std::pair
is an STL build-in struct with two fields of any type. It is a template, you can specify the types of the fields inside<>
for each pair object you make. The fields instd::pair
are namedfirst
andsecond
.
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To avoid specifying the types of a pair, usestd::make_pair(field1, field2)
.
Aside: Type deduction with auto
auto
: a keyword used in lieu(替代) of type whrn declaring a variable, tells the compiler to deduce the type.
auto
does not mean that the variable doesn’t have a type. It means that the type is deduced by the compiler.
1 | auto int_x = 1; |
3. Sneak peek at streams
Stream is an abstraction for input/output. Streams convert between data and the string representation of data.
std::cout
is a stream
1 | std::cour<<"Frank is "<<5 <<"age."<<std::endl; // use a stream to print any primitive type! |
- 本文作者: 夏花
- 本文链接: http://xiahua19.github.io/2022/07/23/cs106l-2-Types-and-Structs/
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